Thanks, @gferreira!
That was a super helpful suggestion, including the link to the defcon docs.
I find that for me, the cannedDesign sort type is seemingly identical to the "Smart Sort" option in Robofont, aside from deleting template glyphs.
Still, those are easy enough to re-add manually, and something I don't need to do every time (Add Glyphs -> Import from my "Latin 1" character set... -> then select to "add as template glyphs").
So, the script I'll use is very close to your suggestion, but I prefer this sort type:
font = CurrentFont()
newGlyphOrder = font.naked().unicodeData.sortGlyphNames(font.glyphOrder, sortDescriptors=[dict(type="cannedDesign", ascending=True, allowPseudoUnicode=True)])
font.glyphOrder = newGlyphOrder